Laxatives are medications that are taken to stimulate bowel movements and ease digestion. They are used to treat constipation, which is a condition in which bowel movements are difficult or infrequent. Laxatives come in various forms, such as tablets, liquids, suppositories and enemas. Laxatives are generally safe, but they should be used with caution and only when necessary.

Laxatives work in various ways to help relieve constipation and make bowel movements easier. Bulk-forming laxatives work by absorbing and retaining water in the intestines, which makes the stool softer and easier to pass. Stimulant laxatives, on the other hand, stimulate contractions in the intestines, which helps to move the stool along. Osmotic laxatives draw water into the intestines to help soften and move the stool, while lubricants lubricate the stool to help it slide out more easily.

It is important to consult a doctor before taking laxatives for constipation. Laxatives should not be used for more than two weeks, as long-term use can disrupt the balance of minerals in the body, lead to kidney damage, electrolyte imbalances, and vitamin deficiencies. Laxative dependence can also occur, where a person needs to regularly take laxatives to have a bowel movement.

Laxatives are also used for other medical treatments, such as to clear the intestines before a medical procedure, or to help clear away any ingested poisons or drugs. They can also be used to prepare the intestines for surgery and to reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Talk to your doctor if you are considering taking laxatives for any other medical condition.

In general, if you experience occasional constipation, it is best to try and make lifestyle and dietary changes before taking laxatives. Drinking plenty of fluids and increasing your intake of dietary fibre can often help promote regular, soft and easy-to-pass stools. If these dietary and lifestyle changes do not help, then consult with your doctor and discuss which type of laxative may be best for you.