A heart attack is a life-threatening medical emergency in which the heart muscle is damaged due to lack of oxygen. It is also known as a myocardial infarction and often occurs when a blockage in the coronary arteries impedes the supply of blood to the heart.

The primary cause of a heart attack is atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of cholesterol-rich plaque in the coronary vessels. This plaque can cause the arteries to narrow over time, reducing the amount of oxygen-carrying blood that can reach the heart. Smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity are all risk factors for atherosclerosis.

The most common symptom of a heart attack is chest pain. This pain can spread to the shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back. It may be described as a pressure or squeezing sensation in the chest, and can be accompanied by shortness of breath, fatigue, sweating, and nausea. Women may also experience additional symptoms, such as pain in the jaw, throat, or upper abdomen.

Other warning signs of a heart attack include dizziness, lightheadedness, and palpitations. These symptoms can often be mistaken for a panic attack. If you experience any of these warning signs, contact your medical provider immediately as time is of the essence when treating a heart attack.

Seeking prompt medical attention is essential for preventing permanent damage to the heart. If you are experiencing a heart attack, medical personnel can quickly administer medications to dissolve any blockages in the artery. This will allow blood to reach the heart, reducing damage. They may also perform a procedure called angioplasty, which uses a tiny balloon to widen any blocked arteries.

Adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle is essential for reducing the risk of a heart attack. Eating a nutritious diet and reducing stress can go a long way in keeping your heart muscle healthy and strong. Regular exercise can help maintain a healthy body weight and lower blood pressure. Quitting smoking and limiting your alcohol consumption can also reduce your risk of developing atherosclerosis.

If you think you may have experienced a heart attack, it is important to seek medical attention right away. Early detection and treatment can help reduce damage to the heart muscle and help you avoid a life-threatening event.