Arthritis is a broad medical term referring to the inflammation of the joints, causing discomfort and pain. It's not a single disease, but rather a way of referring to joint pain or joint disease, with over 100 different known types. This condition can affect anyone regardless of age, race, or gender, but it is more common among women and the elderly.

While the symptoms of arthritis can be varying, common signs include swelling, pain, stiffness, and a decline in range of motion. Depending on the severity, these symptoms can be mild, moderate, or severe and can come and go. Severe arthritis can result in chronic pain, making it hard to perform daily activities and tasks.

The two most prevalent types of arthritis are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Osteoarthritis, the most common form, occurs due to the wearing down of the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones in your joints over time. Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is an autoimmune disorder, where the body's immune system erroneously attacks the synovium, the lining of the membranes surrounding the joints, resulting in inflammation and joint damage.

Diagnosing arthritis generally includes a physical examination to check for fluid around the joints, warm or red joints, and limited joint mobility. Medical history is also significant for a worthwhile diagnosis. In some cases, imaging tests such as X-rays, computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, or ultrasound may be used. Blood tests may also be done to determine the type of arthritis present.

While there is currently no cure for arthritis, the main aim of treatment is to reduce pain, improve function, and prevent further joint damage. The management plan typically involves a combination of medication, physical therapies, and if necessary and recommended, surgery.

Several lifestyle modifications can significantly influence the course of arthritis. Regular exercise helps maintain flexibility in the joints, while weight loss alleviates pressures on weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips. A balanced diet comprising fruits, veggies, lean proteins, and whole grains can help manage weight and maintain overall health.

Moreover, it's crucial to remember that self-care plays the most pivotal part in managing arthritis. Learning techniques to manage daily activities without adding extra stress to your already tender joints can significantly help in controlling the symptoms of arthritis.

Despite being a common health condition, living with arthritis is by no means easy. However, combining a proper healthcare regime, lifestyle modifications, and self-care can ensure that individuals suffering from arthritis continue to live fulfilling, active lives despite the condition. While treatment is aimed at reducing symptoms, the ultimate goal for arthritis management is to improve quality of life.