Acid reflux, commonly known as heartburn, is a condition that happens when stomach acid flows into the esophagus. This can cause a burning sensation in the chest area, and may even cause wheezing, coughing, or difficulty swallowing.

The most common cause of acid reflux is a weak or malfunctioning lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES is a muscle that normally contracts after swallowing to prevent stomach acid from traveling up into the esophagus. However, if the LES muscle is weak or doesn't close properly, acid reflux can occur.

Other factors that can contribute to acid reflux include obesity, pregnancy, smoking, and certain medications, like ibuprofen or aspirin. Certain foods and drinks can trigger acid reflux as well, such as spicy or acidic foods, alcohol, and coffee.

The symptoms of acid reflux can be uncomfortable and impact daily activities. Fortunately, there are several ways to manage and treat acid reflux.

The first step in managing acid reflux is modifying your diet. Avoiding trigger foods and drinks is a simple way to reduce symptoms. It's also a good idea to eat smaller, more frequent meals instead of large meals. This can help prevent excess stomach acid from building up and spilling into the esophagus.

Certain lifestyle changes can also help reduce acid reflux symptoms. Quitting smoking, losing weight if overweight, and avoiding tight-fitting clothing can all make a big difference in managing symptoms. Elevating the head of your bed by 6-8 inches can also help ease symptoms during sleep.

There are also over-the-counter medications available to treat acid reflux. Antacids, such as Tums or Maalox, can neutralize stomach acid and provide temporary relief. H2 blockers, such as Pepcid or Zantac, can reduce the amount of acid the stomach produces. Proton pump inhibitors, such as Nexium or Prevacid, can also reduce acid production and may be recommended for long-term use in more severe cases.

If lifestyle modifications and over-the-counter medications do not provide relief, prescription medications may be needed. In severe cases, surgery may be recommended to strengthen the LES muscle and prevent acid from refluxing into the esophagus.

In summary, acid reflux is a common condition that can affect daily life. Simple lifestyle modifications, like avoiding trigger foods and drinks, can help reduce symptoms. Over-the-counter medications can also provide relief, and prescription medications may be needed in more severe cases. If you are experiencing acid reflux symptoms, speak with your healthcare provider about the best treatment options for you.