Thyroid Eye Disease, also known as "Graves' Ophthalmopathy", is a type of autoimmune condition in which the eyes and tissues surrounding the eyes become enlarged and swollen due to an overactive thyroid gland.

The symptoms of thyroid eye disease can vary from person to person, but typically includes red, swollen, and bulging eyes, along with a sensitivity to bright light, and double or blurred vision. The condition can also cause the eyelids to become inflamed and swollen, and in some cases, to turn outward. Other common symptoms include dry eyes, tearing, and a feeling of pressure on the eyes.

Thyroid eye disease is caused by an overactive thyroid, and is related to an immune system disorder. It is thought to be prompted by the body creating antibodies that mistakenly attack the eye muscles and tissues, resulting in inflammation and enlargement.

Although the exact cause of the condition is unknown, there are certain factors that may increase the risk, including gender (being female), smoking, and certain genetic factors.

If left untreated, the symptoms of thyroid eye disease can become worse and may lead to serious complications, such as vision loss. As such, it is important to get medical treatment as soon as possible. Treatment may involve medications such as corticosteroids, anticholinergics, and immunosuppressants. In some cases, surgery may be necessary.

The outlook for those with thyroid eye disease varies and depends on the severity of the condition. In many cases, the symptoms improve with the help of medication and lifestyle changes, such as avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol consumption. If the condition is not treated in a timely manner, however, serious complications such as vision loss may develop.

It is important to talk to your doctor if you think you may have thyroid eye disease, in order to get an accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. With early diagnosis and treatment, many people with thyroid eye disease are able to make a full recovery and prevent serious complications.