A rheumatologist is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases related to joints, muscles, and bones. Rheumatologists typically have an extensive medical education and are board certified to practice in the field of rheumatology.

Rheumatologists start by diagnosing a patient’s medical condition, typically from a combination of physical exams and laboratory tests. Most often, patients are referred to a rheumatologist by their primary care physician or an orthopedic specialist if the patient is showing signs of a rheumatic disease.

Rheumatologists address any type of joint pain or swelling, such as arthritis, lupus, gout, and osteoporosis. Depending on the diagnosis, they may also be responsible for treating systemic or systemic autoimmune diseases that may manifest in a wide range of or joint-related symptoms. Through medication or injections, they often work to reduce pain and improve mobility.

Rheumatologists use a variety of treatments to address a patient’s particular needs, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, or other rehabilitative measures. They may also prescribe medications that target specific elements of an illness, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Many rheumatologists also focus on preventive measures, including lifestyle and dietary recommendations, that may help delay or even prevent joint damage and inflammation.

Medical research is at the heart of the specialty. Rheumatologists typically conduct and participate in studies to further the knowledge and treatment of rheumatic diseases. They may also have limited expertise in areas such as sports medicine, pediatrics, and radiology, which are not always part of their everyday practice.

In short, a rheumatologist is a dedicated medical specialist who works to diagnose, treat, and prevent rheumatic diseases in adults and children. Patients who are demonstrating signs of a rheumatic disease should consider seeing a rheumatologist to get to the root of the issue and find the best ways to manage their particular condition.