Blood pressure is the measurement of the force that blood exerts against the walls of arteries and veins as it flows through them. It is a vital sign that helps doctors and other healthcare professionals evaluate an individual’s health. A normal blood pressure reading is 120/80 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury).
High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a widespread condition in which the force exerted against artery walls and veins is too high. The American Heart Association (AHA) considers blood pressure over 140/90 mm Hg to be high. When blood pressure is this high, it can cause severe damage to the body’s heart, brain, and other organs and can lead to a stroke or a heart attack.
Though high blood pressure may not cause any symptoms, people who have it are more likely to have a heart attack, stroke, or other complications. That’s why it’s important to have it regularly checked. Doctors can often diagnose high blood pressure through tests like a blood pressure measurement and a physical examination.
Treatment consists of lifestyle changes like reducing sodium intake, exercising regularly, and eating a healthy diet. Medications are often prescribed to help control blood pressure. Depending on an individual’s condition, doctors may prescribe diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and other medications.
If untreated, high blood pressure can cause dangerous problems, such as damage to the heart and kidneys, stroke, and cognitive decline. It is important to take steps to maintain healthy blood pressure throughout life. This can be accomplished through a combination of lifestyle changes and medications, if necessary. In addition, regular check-ups with a healthcare professional are necessary to monitor and adjust any treatments.
In conclusion, high blood pressure is a serious medical condition. It is important to have it checked regularly in order to detect any changes and to get it under control. Through the use of lifestyle modifications and medications, high blood pressure can be managed and does not have to become a life-long problem.